Essay on Effectiveness of Authors Presentation Essay Example for Free

Essay on Effectiveness of Authors Presentation Essay A history teacher wants to teach history. How would he/she do this? There are many different ways to present history to a wide variety of audience members. People understand and interpret information all on a different level because of the way an author would present it, whether it be through an article or picture. There are many formats as to which there could be information presented articles, videos, poems, and artwork. Three things that are essential to answering the question above: the genre of the information, knowing the audience, and containing the subject knowledge. The presentation must contain the above components to affect ones understanding of history in the most effective way. Despite all this, one must remember that no one format shows history from every perspective. Therefore, each person will understand history in a different manner, according to the format of the presentation. First and foremost, the information, also known as the subject knowledge, itself is a key concept to an authors presentation, and therefore, ones understanding of history. Without the correct subject knowledge, the presentation would be of no use since it would not be targeting the goal of understanding history. The author should also make sure the information is relevant to the topic, which in this case is history, or else the audience will lose interest and get bored with the presentation. The information should also be expressed throughout the entire presentation to make the most meaningful impact on the audience. One of the Common Core standards for critical thinking is to provide the most appropriate and relevant information/data and that the subject knowledge be interpreted comprehensively. If it’s a school requirement, shouldn’t it be performed during presentations as well? The presentation should also appeal to the authors audience for maximum effect and approval. The audience can be a certain target (such as senior citizens) or a generalization for all age groups. The author would need to keep in mind what he/she is trying to achieve and how he/she could attract the target audience. It is extremely important in this case, to have information relevant to that age group. For example, would a teacher talk about genocide in Sudan to first graders? Information is available through different mediums and in this case, it would be genres. All information is given through literary text, non-fiction text, videos, and artwork. Literary text, usually a poem or short story, allows the author to pursue a more emotional relationship with the audience. It would therefore, be able to affect the more emotional aspect of any event in history. One such example is the poem, The Fall of Fort Sumter. It described the Confederate point of view and the feelings they harbored against the North. The fleet turned slowly southward; we saw the last ship go, We had saved old Carolina from the insults of the foe, is a part of the stanza in the poem and expressed Confederate feelings towards the Union. Through this medium, the audience would be able to connect on a deeper level to the context. Non-fiction texts allow for a quick, brief summary all the way to a deep, well thought-out analysis on a historical event. These texts are usually the most informative and straight-forward in a presentation. They also are able to provide a more realistic tone to the writing. An example is â€Å"The Battle of Fort Sumter†. It had an analysis on the entire battle from a neutral point of view. Sometimes, authors will take sides and state their opinion on a particular subject. Videos provide visual and auditory aids for the audience, it combines the elements of non-fiction text and artwork at the same time. Videos can enhance the learning experience of those who like combined formats. One such example is the â€Å"Fort Sumter Animated Map† from the Civil War Trust Fund website. It showed an animated battle simulation of Fort Sumter and the Union garrison stationed there. Artwork enables visual learners to use their eyes to communicate the feeling stored inside paintings and other works of art. Akin to literary text, it connects more emotionally and allows the audience to visualize and imagine the scene or place in history. An example is the Currier and Ives painting of Fort Sumter. It showed exploding mortars and Confederate batteries firing upon the glorious Fort Sumter in the middle of the Charleston Harbor. The criteria for a presentation should include the correct subject knowledge, appropriate target audience, and different genres of the event in history. Each medium if presentation present and offers insight on different perspectives. For example, take the issue of the American dream. Some say its only a legacy of the past from the Founding Fathers era while others say that it is stronger than ever. If one were only to read an informational text full of opinion that the American dream is gone, one could only see from one perspective or point of view. He/she would only understand one side of the issue. If however, he/she read another informational article supporting the American dream, then one could see both verdicts on an issue and understand them. To answer the essay question, everyone can have a different perspective on the same issue, depending on the genres in an authors presentation.

Building Foundations for The Future Essay -- Education Teaching Teache

Building Foundations for The Future When I think of how my teaching style will be one day, a particular parable comes to mind that I have known since my childhood days. In the Bible, in the book of Matthew, Peter and several other fishermen were fishing out on the ocean one night when from far out in the distance, they could see a man walking on the water toward them. The man was Jesus. Peter was afraid that the figure wasn’t Jesus, but instead a spirit, so Jesus told Peter to get out of the boat and walk over to him. So Peter got out, and walked on the water over to Jesus. But then, the wind began to blow furiously, causing Peter to become afraid. He looked down, began to sink, and then screamed out to Jesus to help him. Immediately Jesus stretched forth his hand and caught Peter, and said â€Å"O thou of little faith, wherefore didst thou doubt?† (Matt. 14:31). Most children today are wanting to learn, but from time to time there is an obstacle on their path toward knowledge that they cannot overcome on their own. When faced with such obstacles, whether it is the divorce of their parents, or continually failing in one certain subject, they usually become scared and just need someone to cry â€Å"Help!† to. Just as Jesus immediately helped Peter, I want to immediately help those students that are doubting that they can overcome something. I do not want my students to ever doubt that they can do something, and eventually become too reluctant to even try anymore just because they failed a time or two. I want to be there to assure my students that they can do anything they put their minds to, and I’ll be there to help them along the way. I believe that children are one of God’s gifts on thi... ...le the latter may not be as important as Math, English, Science, and Social Studies, they do still deserve a great deal of attention, because they work to the students’ benefit as well by making them a more well-rounded individual. My professional developmental plans consist of getting my K-6 Elementary Education Degree, and even possibly specializing in one subject area. I am still debating at the present time over whether or not to go for the specialization or not, but if I do I might specialize in Math. Also in my plans for after I graduate is the possibility of going for my Master’s Degree, so that I can become a Principal one day if I decide that I want to do that or not. But overall, I am still very undecided about my after-graduation plans. I am just really excited at the moment to be nearing the date of receiving my Teaching Degree!

Kimi Dora

Blog Number One â€Å"Oh, You are so Funny and I’m Love it† By: Kenneth Esteleydiz de Guzman (Submitted for an Essay Class in DLSUD) I know that you have already watched a lot of funny films around. But one thing you shouldn’t miss is the movie directed by Ms. Joyce Bernal, and was produced by Spring Films. This movie will surely make you giggle and laugh so hard! I swear to you that every minute that you will spend in this film will never make you feel doubtful and regretful for the fact that this is really worth watching. I’ll tell you now the title of this movie.My much loved movie ever for this year is â€Å"Kimy Dora†, starring Eugene Domingo. Kimy Dora is a film that is about twins who are identical. Kimy Go Dong Hae is the older of the two, she was not that smart when she was young but suddenly after she got a typhoid fever (a very high and severe fever), and she became really smart! It was like she ate a dictionary! Doctors said that her bra in could have been affected by the severe illness she had. She became a war freak as well. She is also insecure for having less attention from her dad and from her very much loved man, Johnson (played by Dingdong Dantes) who admires Dora a lot.Dora (Kimmy’s twin sister) on the other side isn’t so smart but not so dumb as well. Dora may be compared to those who are mentally challenged because of the way she acts; this happened because she was born inside a toilet bowl and got her head bumped inside it when she came out from her mother’s womb. Her parents thought that they would only have one daughter who was Kimy but what happened was that when their mom was a I know that you have already watched a lot of funny films around. But one thing you shouldn’t miss is the movie directed by Ms. Joyce Bernal, and was produced by Spring Films.This movie will surely make you giggle and laugh so hard! I swear to you that every minute that you will spend in this film wi ll never make you feel doubtful and regretful for the fact that this is really worth watching. I’ll tell you now the title of this movie. My much loved movie ever for this year is â€Å"Kimy Dora†, starring Eugene Domingo. Kimy Dora is a film that is about twins who are identical. Kimy Go Dong Hae is the older of the two, she was not that smart when she was young but suddenly after she got a typhoid fever (a very high and severe fever), and she became really smart!It was like she ate a dictionary! Doctors said that her brain could have been affected by the severe illness she had. She became a war freak as well. She is also insecure for having less attention from her dad and from her very much loved man, Johnson (played by Dingdong Dantes) who admires Dora a lot. Dora (Kimmy’s twin sister) on the other side isn’t so smart but not so dumb as well. Dora may be compared to those who are mentally challenged because of the way she acts; this happened because sh e was born inside a toilet bowl and got her hea bout to poop in a toilet bowl, and it was Dora who came out!Their mom died due to severe bleeding and shame due to what happened. Knowing the fact that Dora is a bit mentally challenged, Kimy hated her so much. But one thing that proved that Dora was not retarded was when Kimy was kidnapped; she was able to take over of their company even though Dora only pretended as Kimy to make sure that people won’t panic for the lost of Kimy. At the end of the film, Dora and Kimy were able to be good sisters again and Kimy realized that she shouldn’t mistreat her sister as to what she usually did before.The reason why I really love this film is that Eugene Domingo is also one of my favorite comedians. She has that kind that of humor that would make me burst out. This was the first movie wherein she got the major role and the great thing is that she got the best actress award for this movie. Another reason is that the movie also has m oral lessons, lessons that would surely make your heart cry. I bet you should really watch this movie not just for fun but for simple lessons as well. Just go and grab a copy of this now and be astonished of the laughter that this movie might bring to you.

Substance Abuse And The Family - 2399 Words

Section 1 Substance abuse, the abuse of drugs or alcohol, is known to have a lasting impact on members of the abuser’s family (Crosson-Tower, 2013). Ultimately there are two ways in which a family can experience the detrimental effects of substance abuse within the family system itself, and those ways are through either substance abuse on the parent’s behalf or substance abuse by the adolescents or children in the family unit (Crosson-Tower, 2013). Substance abuse can have many negative impacts on a family unit; the negative impacts are known to be emotionally, physically, and mentally damaging (Gruber Taylor, 2006). The exposure to substance abuse can occur in the early stages of childhood, according to research at least 10% of newborns are exposed to the abuse (Gruber Taylor, 2006). Research shows that there is correlation between substance abuse and both child neglect and maltreatment (Mendoza, 2013). Not only does substance abuse dull the parent’s ability to adequately care for their child, but it can lead to problems such as violence, neglect, and physical abuse in the family home (Crosson-Tower, 2013). According to Crosson-Tower (2013) 12% of the children live with a parent or guardian who abuses drugs or alcohol. The issue of dependency on drugs and alcohol has continued to increase in adults, adolescents, and even children (Crosson-Tower, 2013). The increase in usage is possibly due to the fact that substance abuse is a partially hereditary as well as aShow MoreRelatedSubstance Abuse On The Family1825 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Substance abuse is an issue that continues to grow in America at an alarming rate. Families are an important factor for the onset of substance abuse as well as the sustainment of the addiction (Gruber Taylor, 2006). The National Institute of Drug Abuse defines substance abuse as â€Å"A chronic disease characterized by drug seeking and use that is compulsive, or difficult to control, despite harmful consequences† (â€Å"Understanding Drug Use and Addiction,† 2016). In order to prevent relapseRead MoreFamily and Substance Abuse Paper1230 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: FAMILY AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE PAPER Family and Substance Abuse Paper Launita J. Grand Canyon University March 11, 2013 Family and Substance Abuse Paper When an individual has a disorder with substance abuse and how family is involved, it can be a very uncomfortable situation for both the abuser and family members. When the abuser is an adolescent, the program may need consent from the adolescent before communicating with the parent, whether the communication is over the courseRead MoreFamily Therapy And Substance Abuse1524 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Family therapy is needed in so many aspects whether its trauma, substance, abuse or marital counseling. It doesn’t matter if it’s for adolescents in the family or adults. It’s important that a clinician is knowledgeable about family therapy and the best approaches to assist the family in becoming functional. Keywords: Family therapy; adolescents; substance abuse Introduction The clinician interviewed is Sara Gavin, Director of Behavioral Health of CommuniCare Health CentersRead MoreThe Effects Of Illegal Substance Abuse On Families3380 Words   |  14 PagesAbstract An insight of the impact of illegal substance abuse using theories of intelligent sociologist of the nineteenth century to magnify the effect of drugs and families today. Examining how inversely affecting relatives growing in diverse family structures while, exploring its overall effect on children who live in mechanical solidarities versus organic solidarities differences in drug use and outcome of children . Moreover, involving detailed fluctuations of familiar illegal drug use betweenRead MoreThe Affects of Substance Abuse on Family Essay942 Words   |  4 PagesThe effects of drug abuse on a person’s family. Nancy Kiger SPC1010 - Presentation Skills - OL08 Theresa White 2/18/2011 The effects of drug abuse on a person’s family. As a recovering addict I know firsthand how my addiction affected my family. Addiction to alcohol or drugs is a disease; it affects everyone in the family, not just the substance abuser. Effects may vary depending on family structure, manifesting differently in individual family members; According to theRead MoreHow Substance Abuse Affect The Family Unit Essay2021 Words   |  9 PagesHow Does Substance Abuse Affect the Family Unit? A Closer Look at What the Implications are and Treatment Options. Rebecca Sullivan Missouri Baptist University How Does Substance Abuse Affect the Family Unit? A Closer Look at What the Implications are and Treatment Options. Introduction Past research has shown that there is a correlation between substance abuse and mental illness. Some clinicians believe that the addiction should be treated first. Other school of thought believesRead MoreSubstance Abuse And Smoking, And How It Affects Family Relationships1463 Words   |  6 Pagesfocus on the issues of addiction; in specific, substance abuse and smoking, and how it affects family relationships. Living with someone who struggles with substance abuse is a very difficult battle amongst many families worldwide. When we were brought into this world, we were not born with a set of values and expectations, but rather, that is something that we learnt over our years of development. Primarily, we spend most of our time with our families, who are the ones that influence our values andRead MoreA Substance Abuse Recovery Home1498 Words   |  6 PagesThe need for a substance abuse recovery home in Starke County, Indiana is a need that is unmistakable in the county based on the hefty number of individuals that suffer from substance abuse and dependency in the county which is clearly displayed by the recent number of crimes that are related to or involve illicit and prescription drugs. In attempt to meet this need and create an opportunity for individuals suffering from substance abuse and dependency to receive local substance abuse treatment inRead MoreSubstance Abuse and the Elderly Essay example1705 Words   |  7 PagesSubstance Abuse and the Elderly Substance abuse in the elderly exists just as in any other population. Many seniors develop substance abuse problems due to circumstances or situations due to the aging process. A report by the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment/Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration indicates that 17% of adults age 60 and older are affected by alcohol abuse and abuse of legal drugs. The report also states that a third of those seniors who abuse substances didRead MoreSubstance Abuse Counselors Should Follow The Four Ethical Principles1181 Words   |  5 Pageswhich include: hiring competent substance abuse counselors, effective assessing guidelines, appropriate Evidenced Based Treatment Plans, case management services, programs for Change, family services, and promoting prevention programs. The treatment program being designed will offer a warm and inviting atmosphere that welcomes all clients. Hiring competent substance abuse counselors will be beneficial for designing a successful treatment program. The substance abuse counselors will be unbiased, knowledgeable

The Importance Of A Well Rounded Education - 1232 Words

A well-rounded education is necessary in life starting at a young age. Children will be taught in a classroom as they receive a traditional education, or they will have an opportunity to reach their educational goals at home as a parent or guardian teaches. There are two basic ways of teaching a child. First, traditional teaching is taught in a public school system or a private school system along with other children of the same age and grade. These children are taught by a teacher who is paid by the school or the state, and have an education of at least a bachelor’s degree from an accredited university. Second, Homeschooling is being taught within the child’s home and environment outside of the home to receive the same education. Traditional teachers will teach certain subjects or al subjects according to what grade level they teach. Homeschool teachers will teach all subjects. Whether children should be homeschooled or traditional schooled is a question that should b e answered by each individual. What does homeschool offer that traditional schooling cannot, and what can traditional schools give that homeschool will not provide? Freedom and flexibility, rest and relaxation and social interaction are some of the subjects that arise when thinking about which direction to take and what is best for your child. In an article called, â€Å"I m Homeschooled, Hold the Pity Please,† the author speaks about the freedom and flexibility that homeschool brings. â€Å"The truth is that myShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Being Well Rounded By Martha Nussbaum1211 Words   |  5 PagesNussbaum: The Importance of Being Well Rounded Martha Nussbaum, author of Not for Profit, argues that the system of education in the United States and abroad is diminishing the country due to the lack of an overall curriculum and awareness of self. Countries are teaching specific skills that will benefit the economy, but it will hinder the citizen’s freedom of expression. Nussbaum addresses the need for arts and humanities, especially the process of critical thinking, in order to enhance globalRead MoreHigh School And The Neural And Scholastic Benefits Essay1626 Words   |  7 PagesGerald Ford said, â€Å"Music education opens doors that help children pass from school into the world around them a world of work, culture, intellectual activity, and human involvement. The future of our nation depends on providing our children with a complete education that includes music.† Music can do so much for the youth of the nation because it encourages group cooperation, independent study, and a way to relax. It has often be en debated whether the benefits of music in school are significantRead MoreRenaissance Humanism Essay816 Words   |  4 Pagesideas flourished during the European Renaissance which had a lasting impact on the world. Humanism is a worldview and a moral philosophy that considers humans to be of primary importance. The aspect of humanism first thrived in 14th century Italy, and later spread north in the 15th century. Initially humanistic ideas about education were quickly adopted by the Italian upper class. The Italian ideas and attitudes towards life and learning impacted nobility in other parts of Europe. They were able to acceptRead MoreThe Importance of Higher Education768 Words   |  4 PagesThe Importance of Higher Education | In the view of most Americans, a college education has now taken on the importance that a high school education had in the past, and has become a necessary ingredient for a good job and comfortable lifestyle. This value is shared even more widely among African-American and Hispanic parents.* * 84% say that it is extremely (37%) or very (47%) important to have a college degree in order to get ahead.1 * 87% strongly (68%) or somewhat (19%) agree thatRead MoreEssay on Choosing a Major1596 Words   |  7 PagesChoosing a Major Education is a very broad and difficult term and no two people define it the same way, but most would agree that you do get an education in college. Many colleges pride themselves on developing well-rounded students, and yet they make it mandatory for each student to choose one field of specified study. This seems to contradict the whole well-rounded idea. Education cant be confined to just academics. In fact, here is how the dictionary defines academics very learnedRead MoreThe Problems With The 21st Century Education System1343 Words   |  6 PagesAll around the world, people are trying to better education. New national standards are placed and standardized tests are becoming more difficult. As a current student in high school, with twelve years of an education background in the modern day school, I believe there are many problems with the 21st century education system. Two problems being, creativity is not fostered in schools and the most important thing to students is their GPA. Imagine living in a world, where creativity does not existRead MoreThe First Sign Of True Power Of Education Essay860 Words   |  4 PagesEducation in America has progressed through time in many different aspects, both in form but also of importance. In 1647, it was determined that education in America was a must. In these very early stages the focus was not so much about a well rounded education as it is today, but more so to be sure the children were able to read the bible and learn basic information about their religion. Even though advanced we being made in 1779, Thomas Jefferson implemented a two track education system. This systemRead MorePurpose of Education Is to Help Students Learn on Their Own Essay555 Words   |  3 PagesEducation is really aimed at helping students get to the point where they can learn on their own. . . - Noam Chomsky Education standards in New Zealand continue to be a large focus as the results from international assessments are released, showing that New Zealand has dropped substantially in all core subjects; where New Zealand used to lead the world in literacy they have now slipped to lag 13th from 7th, in maths 13th to 22nd and science 7th to 16th.These results lead many in the professionRead MorePursuing A Higher Education Is More Than Getting Training For A Job1426 Words   |  6 Pages Well-rounded â€Å"Only about 10 percent of American 18-year-olds would achieve if they all took the SAT, in an age when more than 30 percent of 18-year-olds go to college.† (Murry 224) According to this quote, high school students are going to college when they are not ready to. What would make these unprepared students want to spend thousands of dollars on an education that they might not even obtain due to their lack of readiness? I would argue that pursuing a higher education is more than gettingRead MoreThe True Value Of Informal Education Essay1384 Words   |  6 PagesThe True Value of Informal Education Although about fifty percent of all marriages in the United States will end in divorce or separation, the United States has only the sixth highest divorce rate in the world. This statistic alone shows how broken families have managed to become the social norm across the nation and that the â€Å"American Dream† is, in most cases, unattainable. A study conducted by Andrew J. Cherlin concluded that children that experienced divorces received lower results at school.

Left Field Media Llc Is The Appellant - 1057 Words

Left Field Media LLC is the appellant (lower court plaintiff). The City of Chicago, Illinois, and Elias Voulgaris are the appellees (lower court defendants). Left Field Media LLC publishes Chicago Baseball. Elias Voulgaris is a patrol officer in Chicago’s police force. Facts: At the first Chicago Cubs’ home game of 2015, Left Field’s Editor Matthew Smerge was selling his Chicago Baseball magazine at the corner of Clark and Addison streets adjacent to Wrigley Field. Smerge refused to move when officer Elias Voulgaris told him to go across the street to be in compliance with the Adjacent-Sidewalks Ordinance, which prohibits peddling on specific sidewalks adjacent to Wrigley Field. Smerge was ticketed and he then moved rather than risk arrest. He later sued, claiming that the city ordinance violates the First Amendment. Smerge did not have a peddlers’ license-badge and was not ticketed for lacking one. Lower Court Holdings: The district court declined to issue a preliminary injunction. Issue Presented: Is banning all sales on crowded sidewalks adjacent to a stadium a reasonable time, place, and manner restriction on the First Amendment rights of publishers which is fairly applied or should newspapers be given an exception to the peddling ban? Holdings: The U.S. Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed the lower court in denying Left Field’s motion for a preliminary injunction. The district court may now hear a request for a new hearing and a permanent injunction. The

Consulting Civil Construction Organizations

Question: Discuss about the Consulting Civil Construction Organizations. Answer: Introduction: CERA is one of the consulting civil construction organizations that has completed more than 500 projects and has 45 efficient and high skilled employees. However, the HR department of the CERA is highly effective to manage their experienced and skilled staff but somewhat the senior level staff thinks that their present HR function is not so much effective because they thinks that there are some problems in the strategy to decide the incentive and bonus for the employees. The senior level management thinks that their websites are stating about their guarding excellence but some of the senior level employee does not actually think that the performance and reward of their organization is linked with each other. It has been observed that the organization has some extraordinary talents but the senior level employee actually treat them like a school students. Senior managers treat their sub-ordinates regarding how they should get their job done to achieve the high level of intended outcome . However, this strategy do not extracts the fullest level of performance from the employees, along with that, they also provides based on the seniority. There is not any advantage that the younger level employees can get if they show more effective performance than the senior level employees (Coz, 2015). Therefore, there is high level of possibility that employees can be de-motivated to achieve those objectives that the organization set in front of them at the starting of the year. Moreover, providing excessive amount of money to the senior level that does not consider the performance level may lead to less amount of productivity. Therefore, by adding both the result it can be said that the overall performance level of the company can be reduced in the near future (Shields et al. 2015). Proposed solution: In the present days, the most of the issues that are faced by any business organization is related to the employee motivation. Employee motivation works amazingly to create highest level of performance for any company. However, the present HR strategy of CERA is effective but after sometimes they may face difficulties regarding employee performance and creation of effective level of performance for the employees. Therefore, in order to motivate the employees in highest extent, it is highly important to follow the performance per pay strategy (Subramony, 2013). Along with that, it is also recommended to them to provide a fixed level salary to all of the employee and after that they provide a bonus scheme based on the performance level of CERAs employee so that they can boost the employee performances. As stated by Boyd Salamin (2011), performance per pay motivates employee to provide higher level of effort, along with that, it also increases the capability among the employees. By imp lementing the performance per pay, CERA can achieve different types of advantages such as cost can be controlled due to not paying unnecessary wages to the employees. Along with that, performance per pay also effectively aligns the employees with the interests of any company and can help CERA to retain and attract skilled and experienced talents (Rowe, 2013). Moreover, it can provide a stake to the employees for the success of the company. However, there is one weakness of this strategy that performance per pay requires the regular maintenance, failure of which may generate ineffective results. Effectiveness of solution: Therefore, CERA must provide a fixed salary to employees and this fixed salary must be increased with the increasing level of experiences in their organization. After providing this salary they must develop an effective bonus scheme which must be provided to the employees irrespective of the experience level in the company and it must be provided to the employees based upon their performance (O'Donnell, 2012). However, it is highly recommended to the CERA to define the performance level at the initial level and then align their employee to achieve the performance level. In this case, they must provide some more bonuses to the senior level employees because they are associated with the higher level of responsibilities. Therefore, it can be said the total compensation strategy of the employees of CERA must be divided into two categories that is extrinsic and intrinsic rewards. Their direct reward scheme must include the basic and fixed wages of employees that should include the perform ance per pay as well as the adjustments regarding the cost for living. On the other hand, the indirect reward of the employees in CERA must include different protection programs such as the leave, prerequisites and services of the employees and absence that caused by the illness. Thus, including this programmes, CERA can be able to fix its reward schemes for encouraging and improving employee performance. Reference list: Boyd, B. K., Salamin, A. (2011). Strategic reward systems: A contingency model of pay system design.Strategic Management Journal,22(8), 777-792. Coz, A. (2015).The importance of employee participation in determining pay system effectiveness.International Journal of Management Reviews,2(4), 357-375. O'Donnell, M. (2012). Creating a performance culture? Performance?based pay in the Australian public service.Australian journal of public administration,57(3), 28-40. Rowe, J. W. (2013). Pay-for-performance and accountability: related themes in improving health care.Annals of internal medicine,145(9), 695-699. Shields, J., Brown, M., Kaine, S., Dolle-Samuel, C., North-Samardzic, A., McLean, P., ...Plimmer, G. (2015).Managing Employee Performance Reward: Concepts, Practices, Strategies. Cambridge University Press. Subramony, M. (2013).A meta?analytic investigation of the relationship between HRM bundles and firm performance.Human resource management,48(5), 745-768.